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Sun Spots

Brown spots, flat patches, uneven tone, dark spots on face, pigmentation after sun exposure, visible sun damage.

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What Are Sun Spots?

Sun spots are areas of concentrated pigment that form when UV exposure triggers melanin overproduction. They show up as flat, tan to dark brown patches most often on the face, hands, shoulders, and décolletage and become more noticeable with time.

Sun spots are not dangerous, but they do signal cumulative sun damage. Unlike freckles, which come and go, sun spots don’t fade on their own. And while they’re often called “age spots,” they’re really sun damage spots – the result of unprotected sun exposure over years, not so much due to aging.

sun spots

Common Signs & Symptoms

Flat, well-defined patches

You can’t feel them, only see them. They sit flat against the skin, usually round or oval, with blurred edges.

Tan, brown, or grayish spots

Ranges from light beige to deep coffee, depending on skin tone and UV history.

Clustering in sun-exposed areas

Most common on cheeks, forehead, nose, hands, arms, and chest – places hit hardest by sunlight.

Gradual darkening over time

Spots start faint and build in intensity, especially without protection.

Spots are most visible under bright light

UV-damaged skin reflects light differently, making spots stand out even if they’re subtle in person.

Skin dullness or texture changes

While sun spots may be the most obvious sign, UV exposure also depletes collagen (what keeps skin soft).

What Causes Sun Spots?

Sun spots are the delayed result of repeated UV exposure – both intense burns and daily, unnoticed rays.

Key causes we see:

  • Unprotected sun exposure: Even brief daily contact, walking to work, driving, sitting near windows, adds up over time.
  • Tanning beds: Emit concentrated UVA radiation that penetrates deep, triggering long-term pigment changes.
  • Past sunburns: A single burn in your teens or 20s can resurface decades later as a sun spot.
  • Hormonal sensitivity: Some people’s melanocytes (pigment cells) react more strongly to UV, making them prone to spotting.
  • Skin type: Fairer skin (Fitzpatrick I–III) shows sun spots more visibly, but deeper tones (IV–VI) are at higher risk for post-inflammatory pigmentation and melasma triggered by sun.
  • Medications: Certain antibiotics, birth control, and acne treatments increase photosensitivity, raising the chance of pigmentation after sun exposure.
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How to Treat Sun Spots

Topical brighteners may lighten surface pigment over months, but they can’t reach deeper deposits. For real change, you need energy-based treatments that break up melanin clusters at the source.

The most effective option is intense pulsed light therapy, also known as Lumecca IPL. It targets excess pigment in your skin with wavelengths, heating the melanin just enough to fragment it while leaving the surrounding tissue untouched. Over the next 1–2 weeks, the body naturally flushes out the debris of unbalanced pigment, revealing more even-toned skin.

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Sun Spot Prevention Tips

  • Wear SPF 30+ every day, even indoors (UV rays can penetrate glass)
  • Reapply every 2 hours in direct sun – especially on face, hands, and chest
  • Wear wide-brimmed hats and UV-protective clothing when outside
  • Avoid peak sun hours (10am–4pm) when UV index is highest
  • Skip tanning beds completely – there’s no safe UV tan
  • Use antioxidants (vitamin C, ferulic acid) under sunscreen
  • Check medications for photosensitivity warnings – many common ones increase risk
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Your Questions Answered:

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sun spots FAQs

Yes, “age spot” is just another name for sun spot. But the term is misleading. These spots aren’t caused by aging, they’re caused by sun damage. People in their 20s and 30s get them too, especially with a history of sunburns or tanning bed use. If you’re seeing them early, it’s not premature aging, it’s accumulated UV exposure showing up now.

Surface-level pigmentation, like mild tanning, can fade over months with strict sun protection. But true sun spots are embedded deeper in the skin and won’t resolve on their own. Without treatment, they usually persist or darken over time.

Some damage is permanent, like broken capillaries or collagen loss, but your skin can still improve dramatically with care. Treating sun spots doesn’t erase history, but it resets your starting point. Combined with daily SPF and smart habits, most people achieve significantly clearer, healthier-looking skin.

Temporarily, yes. Any pigment-targeting treatment causes mild inflammation. After Lumecca IPL, skin may appear slightly red or feel warm for a day or two. Pigmented spots often darken before they flake off, this is part of the process. We provide clear aftercare guidance to minimize irritation and protect healing skin.

Yes, but it requires expertise. Deeper skin tones are more prone to pigment shifts (either hyper- or hypopigmentation) if treated incorrectly. That’s why device settings, cooling, and provider experience matter. At Reforme Lab, we customize Lumecca IPL protocols based on your Fitzpatrick type.

Because UV exposure continues. Even small amounts of unprotected sun trigger new melanin production. Without consistent SPF and protective habits, recurrence is common. Maintenance sessions and daily defense are key to lasting results.

Sun spots and freckles both show up as brown or tan marks on the skin, but they’re different in cause, appearance, and behaviour.

Freckles are small, flat, and usually appear in childhood. They’re genetic, triggered by sun exposure but linked to your DNA. They tend to come and go with the seasons, fading in winter and reappearing in summer. Freckles are evenly colored, scattered, and most common in fair-skinned people.

Sun spots (also called solar lentigines) are a sign of cumulative sun damage. They develop later in life, usually after years of UV exposure, and don’t fade. They’re larger than freckles, with sharper edges, and appear on areas that get the most sun: face, hands, shoulders, chest. Unlike freckles, sun spots stay visible year-round and darken over time without protection.

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